Menu
Contact
Tel: +44 117 471 1766
Email: info@liv-systems.com
Bristol and Bath Science Park, Dirac Crescent, Emerson's Green, Bristol BS16 7FR. UK.
Contact
Tel: +44 117 4711766
Email: info@liv-systems.com
Bristol and Bath Science Park
Dirac Crescent
Emerson's Green
Bristol BS16 7FR. UK.
Understanding COTS and Human Factors Integration
/in Articles /by adminThe rise of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) systems has revolutionised the landscape of complex systems engineering. COTS products offer a promise of cost-effectiveness and ease of implementation, making them increasingly prevalent in various technical industries. However, the integration of COTS systems comes with its own set of challenges, particularly concerning Human Factors Integration (HFI). In this blog post, we will explore the nature of COTS systems, the criticality of HFI, and the challenges faced in effectively integrating COTS products into complex systems.
What are COTS Products?
First, let’s establish what we mean by COTS systems.
These products cater to a broad market and are readily available from vendors or manufacturers. They are commonly employed in diverse sectors, including business, government, and military organisations, for a wide range of applications such as process control, building management systems, and communication systems. Examples include telephony systems and CCTV systems.
The Benefits of COTS
COTS systems present several advantages, which explain their growing popularity in technical industries. The primary benefit lies in their cost-effectiveness and quick deployment. Compared to developing a custom solution from scratch, COTS products can be procured and implemented more rapidly, saving precious development time and resources. Additionally, established vendors often provide technical support, maintenance, and regular updates, reducing the burden on organisations that lack in-house capabilities for product maintenance.
As we venture further into the domain of COTS integration, we encounter the critical aspect of Human Factors Integration (HFI). HFI is a multidisciplinary approach to system design that takes into account human capabilities, limitations, and needs, ensuring that systems are user-friendly, efficient, and effective. This consideration of the physical, cognitive, and social characteristics of users is paramount in delivering a successful COTS integration process.
Challenges in Human Factors Integration for COTS Systems
However, integrating HFI into COTS systems is not without its hurdles. One of the primary challenges lies in the lack of standardisation and consistency in HFI practices. Since COTS systems are often developed by different vendors using varied methods and frameworks, establishing uniform HFI guidelines becomes a complex task.
Another significant challenge is the dearth of knowledge and expertise in HFI among COTS vendors. Some vendors may not fully comprehend the importance of factoring human factors engineering into the design of their products. This lack of awareness can lead to systems that are difficult to use and fail to meet the specific needs of users.
Opportunities for Human Factors Integration
Despite these challenges, there are promising opportunities to integrate HFI effectively into the acquisition processes of COTS systems. COTS vendors can benefit from leveraging existing HFI frameworks and standards, such as the ISO 9241 series, to guide their development efforts. These established guidelines can offer valuable insights into designing user-centric systems.
Additionally, engaging with HFI experts can be instrumental in bridging the knowledge gap and enhancing HFI awareness among COTS vendors. By seeking expert advice, vendors can enhance the usability of their products and align them better with user needs.
As the adoption of COTS systems continues to rise in safety-critical industries, the significance of HFI in their integration cannot be overstated. While COTS products offer enticing benefits of cost-effectiveness and quick deployment, they present unique challenges in terms of HFI standardisation and vendor expertise. By embracing established HFI frameworks and collaborating with experts, organisations can navigate these challenges and ensure the successful integration of COTS systems into complex technical environments.
In our next blog post, we will delve deeper into the benefits and limitations of COTS products in technical industries. Stay tuned for more insights into the intersection of COTS technology and human factors integration.
Audible Alarm Sounds – Product Launch!
/in Interviews, News /by Nigel ScardAudible Alarms Human Factors Engineering
We are excited to announce that our 3 sets of audible alarms , developed to be compliant with Human Factors Best Practice and Standards are now available to purchase in our online shop!
These “sound packs” are available in WAV format and can be easily integrated into any software-based product that needs audible alarms.
We discussed these audible alarms in our earlier blog post “Setting the right tone”. We’ve worked with sound designer Gareth Worthy to apply a creative alarm design approach. This developed 3 innovative alarm tone ‘families’, Pure Tone, Musical and Futuristic.
These 3 families provide alarm sounds of 4 different levels of urgency, from ‘Critical’ down to ‘Low’ priority. Furthermore, they have been developed so as to be compliant with the relevant Human Factors standards:
Our alarm tones are suitable for use in a wide variety of operational and safety critical environments. This includes Healthcare, Railway Control Rooms, Air Traffic Control Centres, Power Plant Control rooms, aircraft cockpits and train cabs.
Human Factors Audible Alarm Sounds – Design Approach
We interviewed Gareth about the process he applied to develop the audible alarm sets, and incorporating Human Factors Engineering guidance:
Could you describe your process for developing the alarm tones?
The alarm tones I created are grouped into three categories: Pure Tone, Musical and finally Futuristic. These categories really define the approach.
The pure tone alarms are just a case of selecting the appropriate waveform, generating one at the correct frequency and producing the alarm. The frequencies we chose were all based on significant research that had already been produced or documented.
The musical alarms went through a series of different phases. I experimented with different instrument types and layering different combinations together to create a more “complete” sound/tone. Once these were decided it was very much a case of just experimenting with tempo and melody. Both of these areas greatly affected the overall urgency or perceived status of the final alarms.
The futuristic category was really an opportunity to have complete carte blanche and to challenge everything we consider an audible alarm to be. Without going into a lot of detail I employed some really complicated wavetable synthesis and tried to push the brief as far as possible.
What were some of your considerations from your perspective as a sound designer when developing the audible alarm sounds?
There are various considerations, but I’ll just highlight two. Firstly, I’m always thoughtful of the final delivery method i.e., “will the alarm I’m creating be audible on the user’s speaker system, how will this sound in a control room/user environment, how will this be effective?” The alarms are designed to sound good on less-than-brilliant speakers!
Secondly, I’m always considerate of “how will this alarm be perceived”? We all have preconceived ideas on what audible alarms are and how they should sound. This is clearly an important aspect as the alarms have to trigger a human reaction, I think we can all agree if we used the sounds of a chicken squawking for a fire alarm it wouldn’t create the same amount of urgency as a high pitched and rapid bell. Creating something different and innovative, but that still abides by this learned framework does have challenges. But I think we overcame them.
Were there any particularly challenging aspects for you?
Creating the futuristic alarm family was the most challenging but also the most fun. I touched on it slightly within the last question, but creating an alarm sound that is different but also recognisable as an alarm (and an instruction to take an action) is very challenging. This product is very innovative and there was the opportunity to really push the boundaries and be as creative as possible. I had great encouragement from everyone at Liv Systems to really “go for it” and I think it turned out great and unlike anything currently available.
Get in Touch
Please contact us if you would like more information about our audible alarm sounds.
Human Factors Engineer: What It Is and How To Become One
/in Articles /by Chris LoweAs we return after the Easter break, many of us start to reflect on our current career paths and consider making a change. One field that has gained popularity in recent years is Human Factors Engineering. Whether you’re a new graduate or someone looking to pivot to a new career, you may be curious about what it takes to become a Human Factors Engineer. In this article, we’ll break down what a Human Factors Engineer does, the necessary skills for the job, the path to certification, where you can work as a Human Factors Engineer, and the future of the industry. So, let’s dive in and discover whether a career in Human Factors Engineering is right for you!
What Is A Human Factors Engineer?
A Human Factors Engineer is someone who studies the interactions between people, technology, and the environment. The goal is to design products, systems, and environments that optimise safety, efficiency, and user satisfaction. Human Factors Engineers consider a wide range of factors, including user experience (UX), cognitive psychology, physical capabilities, environmental conditions, and safety. They use research methods, such as surveys, experiments, and simulations, to analyse data and identify potential problems. Based on their findings, they make recommendations for design changes or improvements to ensure that the product or system is safe, efficient, and easy to use.
What Do Human Factors Engineers Do?
Human Factors Engineers work on a variety of projects, from designing airplane cockpits to developing medical devices to creating video game interfaces. They may be involved in any stage of the design process, from initial concept development to testing and evaluation. They may conduct user research, create user profiles, design prototypes, and test products or systems to ensure they meet user needs and are easy to use.
They may also work closely with other professionals, such as designers, engineers, and project managers, to ensure that products meet their overall system performance goals.
What Skills Do I Need To Become A HF Engineer?
To become a Human Factors Engineer requires a diverse skill set that includes technical, analytical, and interpersonal abilities.
Technical skills are essential, including knowledge of human anatomy and physiology, statistics, and research methods.
Problem-solving skills are also crucial for Human Factors Engineers. You will need to identify potential problems and come up with creative solutions to improve the usability and safety of products, systems, and environments. This often involves observing users’ behaviours, analysing data, and designing studies to test potential solutions. Strong critical thinking skills and attention to detail are necessary to ensure that all factors are considered and that the final solution meets the needs of users while also meeting regulatory or stakeholders requirements.
You will also need strong analytical skills to evaluate data and identify trends, as well as communication skills to explain your findings and recommendations to others.
Additionally, you’ll need to be comfortable working collaboratively with others, as teamwork is often essential to success in this field.
How Do I Become A Human Factors Engineer?
While having a degree in a related field can be helpful in becoming a Human Factors Engineer, it is not always necessary. Pursuing certification through professional organisations such as the HFES or the UK Chartered Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors technician grade membership can also provide the necessary training and knowledge to succeed in the field. In fact, some employers may even prioritise certification over traditional education.
To become certified as an Ergonomist or Human Factors Professional, you will need a minimum of two years of relevant experience and to have your qualifications reviewed by a board of peers.
This certification provides recognition of your expertise in the field and can improve your job prospects and earning potential. Certification can also be a valuable way to demonstrate your commitment to the profession and your dedication to staying up-to-date with the latest developments and trends.
One practical step that can be taken to gain experience in this field is through volunteering. This could involve volunteering at a conference, a non-profit organisation, or a charity. For example, some STEM charities in the UK offer opportunities for people to work with young people who are interested in STEM, and this can provide an opportunity for new graduates to develop their skills.
Additionally, the UK Chartered Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors (CIEHF) message boards can be a good place to reach out and see if you can find a mentor. Mentors can also sometimes be found in your own organisation, so it can be beneficial to connect with experienced Human Factors Engineers in your workplace.
Another practical step to take is to seek out internships or apprenticeships in the field. Many companies offer internships or apprenticeships in Human Factors Engineering, which can provide valuable hands-on experience and help you develop a network of professional contacts.
Additionally, online courses can be a great way to learn more about Human Factors Engineering and develop new skills. Liv Systems, for example, offers practice-based online courses in HFE that are self-paced and supervised by experienced HF practitioners.
Where Do HF Engineers Work?
Human Factors Engineers have a wide range of career options and can work in various industries. Some of the most common industries for Human Factors Engineers include aviation, healthcare, transportation, and consumer products. However, they can also work in fields such as defence, energy, and finance.
Human Factors Engineers can work for a variety of organisations, including government agencies, academia, research firms, or consultancies. Some Human Factors Engineers also work for large corporations or startups, particularly those that focus on user-centered design.
Working as a Human Factors Engineer often involves working in interdisciplinary teams, collaborating with professionals in other fields. For example, they may work closely with designers, engineers, project managers, and marketing professionals to develop products that are both user-friendly and marketable. Collaboration is essential to ensure that a product is designed with the end-user in mind, as well as meeting business goals.
In addition to working in specific industries, Human Factors Engineers may also focus on specific types of products or systems. For example, they may specialise in medical devices or software interfaces. Specialisation in a specific area of Human Factors Engineering can lead to a more focused career and allow individuals to develop a deep understanding of a particular domain.
What’s The Future Of Human Factors Engineering?
The future of Human Factors Engineering is bright, as more companies recognize the importance of creating user-friendly products and systems. With advancing technology, Human Factors Engineers will have an increasingly critical role in designing safe and efficient products that cater to a diverse range of users.
Innovations in virtual and augmented reality offer new opportunities for Human Factors Engineers to develop groundbreaking solutions for various industries. While there may be challenges that come with these advancements, such as the shift towards automated systems, this presents an opportunity for Human Factors Engineers to focus on designing the interactions between the user and the system.
This shift reinforces the critical role of the human factor in the overall system, highlighting the need for Human Factors Engineers.
In addition to technological advances, other megatrends such as aging populations and the need for increased security will also put an emphasis on the importance of Human Factors Engineering. As our world becomes more complex, the need for products and systems that are easy to use and understand becomes increasingly important. Human Factors Engineers will be critical in ensuring that these products and systems are designed with the end user in mind, taking into account their abilities, needs, and preferences.
With the growing importance of creating user-friendly and accessible products and systems, the field of Human Factors Engineering will continue to be in high demand and play a crucial role in shaping our future.